<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea9y n\u00e3o hay ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, qua \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb l\u00e2u qua c\u00e1c t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o, chi\u1ebfn tranh, t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o, tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao tr\u00f9m m\u1ecdi l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 trong m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \nqua h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00f9 binh M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb Trung C\u1ed9ng b\u1eaft trong chi\u1ebfn tranh Tri\u1ec1u\n Ti\u00ean. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 binh s\u0129 M\u1ef9 sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \nc\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Edward Hunter ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \nnhi\u1ec1u t\u00f9 binh b\u1ecb b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Trung C\u1ed9ng t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i trong\n t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng vang l\u1edbn T\u1ea9y n\u00e3o t\u1ea1i Trung C\u1ed9ng (Brainwashing in Red\n China) xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n 1951. Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Edward Hunter trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m T\u1ea9y n\u00e3o, c\u00e2u\n chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00f3 (Brainwashing, The Story of Men\n Who Defied It) xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n 1956 c\u0169ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 \nb\u1ecb b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Trung C\u1ed9ng t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \n\u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e1 Frank H. Schwable sau khi b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u00e0i \nph\u00e1t thanh Trung C\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh vi tr\u00f9ng\n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean hay tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \nTrung S\u0129 Claude Batchelor t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i M\u1ef9. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ef1u t\u00f9 binh, ngo\u1ea1i \ntr\u1eeb gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u1eeb c\u00e2u v\u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ea5u ph\u1ea9y, d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m, c\u00e1ch l\u00ean \ngi\u1ecdng, xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eb9t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \n N\u0103m 1957, nh\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc Albert D. Biderman trong b\u1ea3n tin c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n \nL\u00e2m Y Khoa New York \u0111\u00e3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea 8 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n d\u00f9ng\n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n (1) C\u00f4 l\u1eadp, t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t m\u1ecdi ngu\u1ed3n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, l\u00e0m cho n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u1ebb t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n (2) \u0110\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, t\u1eadp trung s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa k\u1ebb t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o v\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n (3) L\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ea7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n (4) \u0110e d\u1ecda, tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng, b\u1ea5t an v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng v\u00e0o \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n (5) Ban \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn d\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n (6) L\u00e0m cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00f4 \u00edch m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n (7) Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t th\u00f3i quen tu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n (8) Ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \n C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a Trung C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9. \nEdward Hunter v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi ra \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c \nh\u1ed9i M\u1ef9. D\u00f9 sao, nh\u1edd cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u \nh\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u0103n hoa l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d t\u1ea1i \nTrung C\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc CS, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ea9y n\u00e3o m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \n Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau 1990, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed5 x\u00f4 \u0111i t\u00ecm \nl\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao phong tr\u00e0o CS th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 \nph\u00e2n t\u00edch, nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c truy t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd do l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu \nkhoa h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a CS s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00fang n\u00ean \n\u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap CS t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 70 n\u0103m t\u1ea1i Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c\n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea9y \nn\u00e3o l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CS. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ed3ng \nngh\u0129a v\u1edbi CS, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CS \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \nl\u1eafm ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1990.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hai c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh \ns\u00e1ch t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia CS l\u00e0 Ban T\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edfng Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng (Vi\u1ec7t \nNam g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ban Tuy\u00ean Gi\u00e1o Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng) v\u00e0 Ban T\u1ed5 Ch\u1ee9c Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng. \nBan T\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edfng Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng CS ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a\n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n tinh vi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed1ng \nch\u1ebf tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c t\u1eeb truy\u1ec1n thanh, truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn \nphim \u1ea3nh, b\u00edch ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t, s\u00e1ch v\u1edf v.v\u2026 <\/p>\n\n\n\n \n Ban T\u1ed5 Ch\u1ee9c Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CS \nnh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u201ctham m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh \nTrung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh\n tr\u1ecb, Ban B\u00ed th\u01b0 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u1edbn thu\u1ed9c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ed5 \nch\u1ee9c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \nnghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d. T\u1ea1i \nc\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia CS, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t sinh ho\u1ea1t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \nc\u1ee7a hai c\u01a1 quan n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3ng CS thay \u0111\u1ed5i\n m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, n\u00f3i \nchung ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc tu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \n B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n CS n\u1eb7n ra nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \n\u201ccon ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi\u201d, \u201cx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi\u201d, \u201cv\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi\u201d, \u201canh h\u00f9ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d, \u201cl\u00e3nh\n t\u1ee5 k\u00ednh y\u00eau\u201d. C\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u0169ng m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \nqu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c \u201canh h\u00f9ng\u201d do c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng CS d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean b\u1ecb \nkh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 b\u1ecb x\u00f3a b\u1ecf. \u0110\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 \nn\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1ebd ra m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \n\u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft \nb\u1eb1ng s\u1eed quan c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CS v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, ch\u00ednh\n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CS trong t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \ndi\u1ec5n ra trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m, vinh quang v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \nB\u1ed9 m\u00e1y tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n CS chi ph\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong c\u00e1c sinh ho\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, \nx\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1eeba gi\u1ed1ng \nl\u00faa c\u1ee7a Trofim Lysenko trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00faa t\u1ea1i Li\u00ean X\u00f4 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930, \ntuy kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00faa t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng y \nth\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean t\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CS th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang, \u00edt ra v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t danh x\u01b0ng. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i phong ki\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CS th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0103n tr\u00ean ng\u1ed3i tr\u00f3c, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1eafm trong tay quy\u1ec1n sinh s\u00e1t c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d trong l\u00fac nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp c\u00f9ng \u0111inh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t t\u00fap l\u1ec1u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3 x\u00e1c l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb g\u00e1n cho m\u1ed9t danh x\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p \u201cch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia c\u0169ng l\u00e0m cho ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u00fat \u00edt. Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u nh\u01b0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc CS \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1eb7ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c trong l\u00fac Trung C\u1ed9ng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o b\u1ecb b\u1eaft t\u1ea1i Li\u00ean X\u00f4 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi th\u00fa nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m, th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt d\u00f9 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i trong l\u00fac t\u1ea1i Trung C\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 CSVN \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u201cc\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi g\u1ee5c qu\u1ef5 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ea9y n\u00e3o m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \n Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \nth\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00f9 binh M\u1ef9 trong chi\u1ebfn tranh Tri\u1ec1u \nTi\u00ean nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m.\n T\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m, theo Yuri Bezmenov c\u1ef1u nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean KGB\n \u0111\u00e0o tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i Canada n\u0103m 1970, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \ngian c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng CS\n ngay t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yuri Alexandrovich Bezmenov l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1u nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \nKGB ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960. Cha c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh \n\u0111\u1ea1o cao c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c KGB. N\u0103m 17 tu\u1ed5i \u00f4ng theo h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc\n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Moscow State University do KGB tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Nhi\u1ec7m \ns\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Yuri Bezmenov l\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1edbi tr\u00e1ch \nnhi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1ea4n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \ns\u1ef1 th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng d\u00e0nh cho n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea4n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng \nS\u1ea3n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y Yuri Bezmenov \u0111\u00e0o tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u00fd \nth\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 CS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u0103m 1985, trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \n\u0111\u1ec1 \u201cL\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia\u201d, Yuri Alexandrovich Bezmenov \ngi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \n\u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c phim \u1ea3nh do\n Hollywood d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u00e0n gi\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7p gay c\u1ea5n, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn ki\u1ec3u James \nBond, t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ea5t \nnh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i qua b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n g\u1ed3m (1) l\u0169ng \u0111o\u1ea1n\n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, (2) t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n, (3) g\u00e2y kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 (4) b\u00ecnh \nth\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a. Trong b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c \ngia l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng \nv\u1ea5n nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3\n \u0111\u00e1nh g\u1ee5c n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch chung m\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng\n CS tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ef9 ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh g\u1ee5c \nm\u00e0 tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1 g\u1ee5c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \nLi\u00ean X\u00f4. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u00eda th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1nh \nc\u0169ng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kh\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng v\u1edbi Cuba (1959), Congo (1970), Ethiopia (1974), \nCambodia (1975), Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a (1975), L\u00e0o (1975), Angola (1975), \nMozambique, (1979), Nicaragua (1979) b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o CS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ea1m \ng\u00e1c qua b\u00ean cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, trong b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 Yuri \nAlexandrovich Bezmenov ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c \ngia, \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng do \nCSVN ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a.\n Trong bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Yuri Alexandrovich Bezmenov c\u0169ng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam\n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch do CSVN th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \nri\u00eang g\u00ec c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CSVN nh\u01b0ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n r\u1eadp theo khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4. \nDo \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i s\u1ebd thay VNCH v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t \nn\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a VNCH, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ed\n th\u1ee9c. Gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o CSVN \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch quy m\u00f4 nh\u1eb1m mua \nchu\u1ed9c, l\u0169ng \u0111o\u1ea1n, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \nNhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n CS \u00e1p \nd\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u00edt h\u1ecdc, d\u1ec5 tin, \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t, c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed5, hay \u201ckh\u00f4ng \nc\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t\u201d n\u00f3i theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m Marx. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a\n \u0111\u1ea3ng CS l\u00e0 thu h\u00fat th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, nh\u00e0\n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n s\u00e1ch, nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129, n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n\n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn. <\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00e0ng kh\u1ed1i tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 \nb\u1ecb CS tuy\u00ean tuy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a CS trong th\u1eddi \nchi\u1ebfn, khi VNCH g\u1ee5c xu\u1ed1ng trong m\u00e1u v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, v\u00e0 m\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y \nnay. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n C\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \nk\u1ebft n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CS \nb\u1edfi v\u00ec ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem \u201ckh\u00e1ch quan\u201d, \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d. Nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c\n v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba\u201d nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi trong \nsinh ho\u1ea1t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u1ef1c \nt\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d hay \n\u201ckh\u00e1ch quan\u201d v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n\n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u1ee9 ba, ngo\u00e0i hai l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng \nch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn VN sau hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh \nGeneve l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i, gi\u1eefa qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 CS. \u201cBa \nth\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft cho h\u1ee3p t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat lui c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 trong hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh \nParis. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u201cTh\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba\u201d \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ef1 \nki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CS v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng \nch\u1ee9 ch\u1eb3ng \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d, \u201ckh\u00e1ch quan\u201d g\u00ec c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh sau 1975 khi \nh\u1ecd h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 d\u00f9 h\u1eefu danh v\u00f4 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a\n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n nay tuy b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \nch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ch\u1eef \u201cc\u1ef1u\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cnguy\u00ean\u201d \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh \nt\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp (\u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t, VNQD\u0110 \u2026) v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch \n\u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp (Gs Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Tuy\u00ean, Gs Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc Huy \u2026) nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \nkh\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft trong t\u00f9. Ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, ch\u1ed1ng\n tham nh\u0169ng t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1975 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho CS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \nTrong b\u00e0i \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i t\u00ecm t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c\u201d tr\u00ean talawas tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \nvi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00e0y: \u201cC\u00e1c anh c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ed1ng \n\u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i, ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c di\u1ec5n nh\u01b0ng khi b\u1ecf \u0111i sang h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 \nc\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e9m l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0o qu\u00e1n \u0103n, ph\u00e1o k\u00edch v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7t \nm\u00ecn tr\u00ean qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9, c\u00e1c anh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng trong ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n\n d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh ngh\u00e8o,\n c\u00f3 b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 b\u1ecbnh t\u1eadt, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha say r\u01b0\u1ee3u hay \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp con c\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00f2n \nm\u1ed9t b\u1ea7y em nh\u1ecf d\u1ea1i. Thay v\u00ec khuy\u00ean r\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha, s\u0103n s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9, che \nch\u1edf cho \u0111\u00e1m em kh\u1edd, c\u00e1c anh l\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111i, v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf \u0111i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \nd\u1eaft k\u1ebb gian v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Alexandrovich Bezmenov c\u0169ng \ngi\u1ea3i th\u00edch xa h\u01a1n, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n C\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \nl\u00e0m s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch nh\u01b0ng khi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t, \nth\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \nch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i. Nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft, b\u1ecb t\u00f9 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb thanh tr\u1eebng qua\n nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u00fd do? Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00e2n C\u1ed9ng trong chi\u1ebfn tranh \nr\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n khi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea3ng CS n\u1eafm h\u1ebft quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf \nth\u00e0nh th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \nv\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Marx Lenin. H\u1ecd b\u1ecb thanh tr\u1eebng, ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n v\u00ec c\u00e1i t\u1ed9i \nbi\u1ebft CS qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. Yuri Alexandrovich Bezmenov n\u00eau l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \nNicaragua n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t phe th\u00e2n CS tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c CS\n Sandinistas do Jos\u00e9 Daniel Ortega l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. T\u1ea1i Afghanistan n\u01a1i l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5\n CS Taraki b\u1ecb Amin gi\u1ebft, r\u1ed3i Amin b\u1ecb Karmal gi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Bangladesh n\u01a1i \nMujibur Rahman b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn tuy\u1ebfn v\u1edbi y gi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \n\u0110\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ngo\u00e0i kh\u1ed1i th\u00e2n CS \nn\u00eau tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea3ng CS c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1eb1m v\u00f9ng trung th\u00e0nh, d\u00e3 man, cu\u1ed3ng \nt\u00edn v\u00e0 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp thi h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \nch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CS t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yuri Alexandrovich \nBezmenov nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u1eb1m v\u00f9ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1ed9i\n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CS b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \nTrong bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, c\u1ef1u nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean KGB n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t \nth\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 Hua, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \nn\u00f3i Hu\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi CS n\u1eb1m v\u00f9ng: \u201cT\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, \ntrong m\u1ed9t qu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb x\u1eed t\u1eed trong\n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam khi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb CS chi\u1ebfm ch\u1ec9 trong hai ng\u00e0y; CIA kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o\n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o CS c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebft t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \nng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb x\u1eed t\u1eed, \u00f4ng ta s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \ntr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ecnh minh, b\u1ecf \u00f4ng ta l\u00ean xe, l\u00e1i ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 b\u1eafn \u00f4ng ta. \nC\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Th\u1eadt l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chi\u1ebfm th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \nm\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng CS n\u1eb1m v\u00f9ng; h\u1ecd l\u00e0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \nbi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng ai trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \nch\u00fang, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng anh th\u1ee3 h\u1edbt t\u00f3c v\u00e0 t\u00e0i x\u1ebf taxi. Nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh \nv\u1edbi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb x\u1eed b\u1eafn.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o c\u1ee7a m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ee9c \n\u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o \nho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng \nch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a g\u00ec v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. Yuri Alexandrovich Bezmenov ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb\n kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u201cNgay c\u1ea3 mang anh ta t\u1edbi t\u1eadn Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho \nanh ta th\u1ea5y tr\u1ea1i t\u1eadp trung, anh ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tin\u2026 cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac anh ta b\u1ecb\n \u0111\u00e1 ngay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00edt, khi gi\u00e0y \u0111inh \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00ean anh, r\u1ed3i anh ta m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u. Nh\u01b0ng \nkh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \n\u0111\u1ee9c trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9\n t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \nt\u1ea9y n\u00e3o \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. H\u1ecd th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sai tr\u00e1i, nh\u1eefng\n b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u201cch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 sau \u0111\u00f3 \ntu\u00e2n h\u00e0nh\u201d, v\u1eabn cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00f4 \u00edch\u201d, v\u1eabn \u201ctr\u1ea3i \nqua nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m tu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00f3i quen\u201d, v\u00e0 v\u1eabn ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \n\u201cph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \n\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n\u201d \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc Albert D. Biderman li\u1ec7t \nk\u00ea. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y, tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a CS ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \nb\u00f3ng ma h\u00e3i h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1eebng b\u1ecb CS cai tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb \u00c2u sang \u00c1\n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh sau b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o nh\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \nlo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \n\u0111\u1ea3ng CS kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng ai \nmu\u1ed1n th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb CS t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o kh\u00f4ng \nph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 n\u1eb1m ngay trong c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \nr\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u201cAnh (ch\u1ecb) th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n g\u00ec cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \nduy nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, g\u1ea1t b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, \nv\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2n \nch\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, x\u00f3a b\u1ecf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb CS, \nthi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \nl\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t\n Nam th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \nkh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \nNgay c\u1ea3 trong t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, nh\u00e0 \nb\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec th\u00ec n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea3ng CS trong su\u1ed1t \nd\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, n\u00f3i g\u00ec th\u00ec n\u00f3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \n\u0111\u1ea3ng CS m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, n\u00f3i g\u00ec \nth\u00ec n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea3ng CS l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u1eafm trong tay ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a, n\u00f3i g\u00ec th\u00ec \nn\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd \nd\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, n\u00f3i g\u00ec th\u00ec n\u00f3i c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 CS v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau \nn\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng anh h\u00f9ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng khi h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0\n t\u00f4n th\u1edd, ti\u1ebfc th\u01b0\u01a1ng, than kh\u00f3c khi h\u1ecd ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \nch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang t\u1eeb th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u anh h\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p\n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 hay m\u00e1u x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 do cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd hay \ngi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi \u00e1ch th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n. V\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \nMahatma Gandhi (\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9), Winston Churchill (Anh), Charles de Gaulle \n(Ph\u00e1p), T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch (Trung Hoa D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c), Franklin D. Roosevelt \n(M\u1ef9). Nh\u01b0ng khi h\u1ecd ch\u1ebft, ngo\u00e0i tang quy\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh \u201c\u0110\u1eddi tu\u00f4n n\u01b0\u1edbc \nm\u1eaft, tr\u1eddi tu\u00f4n m\u01b0a\u201d nh\u01b0 khi H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u201c\u00f4m th\u1eadt ch\u1eb7t c\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \nkh\u00f3c cho th\u1ecfa n\u1ed7i x\u00f3t th\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d nh\u01b0 khi V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p v\u1eeba ch\u1ebft \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t \nNam. B\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00eau tr\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng anh h\u00f9ng th\u1eadt, con\n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \n\u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f4 b\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m do nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \ntuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb b\u01b0ng b\u00edt th\u00f4ng tin. Tuy m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9\n c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau, \u201ckh\u00f3c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a CS v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \nt\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc CS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u201cn\u00f3i g\u00ec th\u00ec n\u00f3i\u201d. Gi\u1edbi \nh\u1ea1n trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u201cn\u00f3i g\u00ec th\u00ec n\u00f3i\u201d m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi k\u1ef3\n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n ch\u00fat \u00edt nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \nthu\u1eadn theo \u0111\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0 t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \n\u0111\u1ea3ng CS. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0 k\u1ebb vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \nm\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoanh v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \nc\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi nhau. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\n v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5n l\u1ec1, vi ph\u1ea1m s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n th\u1ecfa \nhi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch duy tr\u00ec quy\u1ec1n cai tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t \nn\u01b0\u1edbc. Gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban ph\u00e1t b\u1ed5ng l\u1ed9c, l\u1ee3i \ndanh. Gi\u1edbi v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, in \n\u1ea5n, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i T\u00e2y, \u0111i M\u1ef9 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c b\u00e8 ph\u00e1i\n tham \u00f4 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tham nh\u0169ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn \nkhi b\u1ecb l\u1ed9. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed5, th\u1ea5p c\u1ed5 b\u00e9 mi\u1ec7ng nh\u01b0ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111a \ns\u1ed1 trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u1ea7n th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft th\u1ecfa \nhi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi ai ngo\u00e0i s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn h\u1ea9m hiu \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3\n g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n. H\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u201cn\u00f3i g\u00ec th\u00ec n\u00f3i\u201d \u0111ang b\u01a1i\n trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u00f4m nay hai ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc ao nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m\n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n tr\u00e2u nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 l\u00e0 l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n tr\u00e2u, ao hay h\u1ed3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \nl\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u00edch t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n nh\u1ecf xu\u1ed1ng\n su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua. D\u00f9 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn hay kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \nng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cn\u00f3i g\u00ec th\u00ec n\u00f3i\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb CS t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o, v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \nh\u00f4m nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i trong khi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n \nlo\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng trong t\u1ef1 do d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \nCS nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y n\u00e3o c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u1ea7n Trung \u0110\u1ea1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tham kh\u1ea3o: T\u1ea9y n\u00e3o hay ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin trong<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5050,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tieu-luan-chinh-tri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5049","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5049"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5051,"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5049\/revisions\/5051"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5050"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trantrungdao.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
T\u1ea9y n\u00e3o m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Albert D. Biderman, Herbert Zimmer, Manipulation of Human Behavior (The), Delhaye, 1961
– Kathleen Taylor, Brainwashing THE SCIENCE OF THOUGHT CONTROL, Oxford University Press 2004
– Transcript of G. Edward Griffin interviews Ex-KGB Soviet Defector Yuri Bezmenov, Wed Jun 3 1985
– EDWARD HUNTER, Brainwashing, The Story of Men Who Defied It, New York, 1956
– Louis R. Stockstill, The Forgotten Americans of the Vietnam War, Prisoners of War\u2014A Special Report, US Air force
– Biderman\u2019s Chart of Coercion
– http:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org<\/a> v\u1ec1 Ban Tuy\u00ean Gi\u00e1o Trung \u01af\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Ban T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea3ng CSVN
– Former KGB Agent Yuri Bezmenov Explains How to brainwash a nation
– Archie Brown, The Rise and Fall of Communism, HarperCollins, New York, NY 2011<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"